Page 22 - Waterfall City Issue 2 February 2023
P. 22
Waterfall City News
BRONCHIOLITIS
IN INFANTS
By Dr P.M. Monyake, Paediatric Intensivist at Netcare Waterfall City
B ronchiolitis is an acute viral often self-limiting. Other viruses that
cause this condition are rhinovirus,
infection affecting the lower
airways in infants younger
influenza virus, para-influenza virus and
than 24 months. This
infection makes the lower airways adenovirus.
swell and become inflamed. Mucus Signs and symptoms
then collects in these airways, which Infants with bronchiolitis often begin
makes it difficult for air to flow freely with a stuffy or blocked nose and
in and out of the lungs. As a result, are usually diagnosed as having the
infants struggle to breathe and often common cold. They may or may not
need to be admitted to hospital. have a fever.
Most commonly, bronchiolitis affects They usually present with coughing
infants aged two to six months, and and an inability to feed. They may
it reaches its peak during winter. develop fast breathing and a musical
The most common virus that causes sound called wheezing. If left
bronchiolitis is respiratory syncytial untreated, they become lethargic
virus (RSV), although there are many and dehydrated. They may become
others. It is a common virus that is Dr P.M. Monyake cyanosed and lose consciousness.
An infant with suspected bronchiolitis
should be taken to the doctor if their
breathing becomes fast or laboured,
or if they struggle to breathe. It is also
advised to seek medical help if the
child has a chronic medical condition
or is under the age of six months.
Prevention
RSV most commonly spreads through
coughing and sneezing via airborne
respiratory droplets. It can also spread
through direct contact and saliva
(shared utensils). The best ways to
prevent the spread are as follows:
• Regular washing of hands
• Avoiding contact with anyone in
the family who may be ill with the
common cold
20 Waterfall City Issue 2 2023
